Euskarazko erlatiboen diakroniaz: testu zaharren azterketa

Abstract

Lan honetan testu zaharretan lekukotzen diren euskarazko izen osteko erlatiboen diakronia aztertzen da. Helburu nagusia xvi.-xix. mendeetako testuen corpus bat arakatzea eta bildutako adibideak deskribatzea izan da. Ondorioztatzen da izen osteko erlatiboa ez zela oso noizbehinka eta testu gutxitan agertzen zen bitxikeria, agerpen kopuruagatik bakarrik arreta merezi duen egitura baizik (testu askotan erlatiboen %20 baino gehiago izenaren eskuinean doaz). Hala ere, bariazio handia dago testuetan: dialektoen artean, baina baita hizkeren barruan ere. Egitura horren erabilerari eragiten dioten faktoreen artean hauek dirudite garrantzitsuenak: testu generoa eta testua originala ala itzulpena den. This paper is concerned with the diachrony of Basque postnominal relative clauses, which appear in old Basque texts, together with the prenominal variant. The main goal of this paper is to analyse a corpus of Basque texts between the 16th and 19th centuries and describe the occurrences of the construction both quantitatively and qualitatively. On the whole, the postnominal relative clause was a well entrenched construction, rather than a minor stylistic variant (in many texts over 20% of relative clauses appear right to the noun). However, there was also a great deal of variation: dialectal, but also within dialects. Text genre and whether the text is a translation seem to influence the frequency of use of the postnominal relative clause.

Keywords

• syntax
• diachrony
• subordinate clauses
• relative clauses
• old texts