Documentation of Commonly Used Ethnoveterinary Medicines from Wild Plants of the High Mountains in Shimla District, Himachal Pradesh, India
Pramod Prakash,
Radha,
Manoj Kumar,
Ashok Pundir,
Sunil Puri,
Suraj Prakash,
Neeraj Kumari,
Mamta Thakur,
Sonia Rathour,
Radhika Jamwal,
Salena Janjua,
Mansoor Ali,
Sneh Punia Bangar,
Chhatarpal Singh,
Deepak Chandran,
Sureshkumar Rajalingam,
Marisennayya Senapathy,
Sangram Dhumal,
Surinder Singh,
Mahesh Kumar Samota,
Rahul D. Damale,
Sushil Changan,
Suman Natta,
Mohamd Alblihed,
Attalla F. El-kott,
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
Affiliations
Pramod Prakash
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Radha
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Manoj Kumar
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
Ashok Pundir
School of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Sunil Puri
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Suraj Prakash
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Neeraj Kumari
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Mamta Thakur
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Sonia Rathour
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Radhika Jamwal
Department of Zoology Saradar Vallabhbhai Patel, Cluster University, Mandi 175001, India
Salena Janjua
MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Mansoor Ali
MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
Sneh Punia Bangar
Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
Chhatarpal Singh
School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sanskriti University, Mathura 281401, India
Deepak Chandran
Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
Sureshkumar Rajalingam
Department of Agronomy, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
Marisennayya Senapathy
Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo P.O. Box 138, Ethiopia
Sangram Dhumal
Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur 416004, India
Surinder Singh
Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
Mahesh Kumar Samota
HCP Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Abohar 152116, India
Rahul D. Damale
ICAR—National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur 413255, India
Sushil Changan
Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR—Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
Suman Natta
ICAR—National Research Centre for Orchids, Pakyong 737106, India
Mohamd Alblihed
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Attalla F. El-kott
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
The aim of current study is to provide a significant traditional knowledge on wild medicines used for ethnoveterinary purposes in the rural area of Maraog region in district Shimla. The medicinal plants have played a significant role in the treatment of human as well as animal’s diseases. The rural people of the Maraog region were interviewed through a questionnaire and extensive field surveys were conducted from June 2020 to July 2021. The discussion, observations and interviews were conducted in study site and included 96 informants. The information gathered from the residents is presented in a table format and includes scientific and local names, different parts used, diseases treated and mode administration. The most commonly used taxa are calculated with used value. The study revealed 100 plants in which trees (7), shrubs (26), herbs (56), ferns (5), grasses (3) and climbers (3) were identified. The most commonly documented livestock diseases were found to be hoof infections, eyes infections, poisoning and skin infections. In the current study, the Rosaceae family was reported as being the highest number (11), followed by Asteraceae (10) and then Lamiaceae (6). It was found that leaves, roots, flowers and fruits are the commonly used parts for ethnoveterinary medications. The phytochemicals present in the plant, such as alkaloids, sterols, glycosides, flavonoids, lignin, coumarins and terpenoids, etc., may be responsible for their medicinal properties. In this documentation, it was observed that the younger generation does not have good knowledge of medicinal plants as compared to the older ones. Therefore, it is necessary to preserve the traditional knowledge of these medicinal plants before their permanent loss. The documentation and conservation of medicinal plants can be a good start for novel phytopharmacological research in the veterinary field.
