Multi-axis Fused Deposition Modeling using parallel manipulator integrated with a Cartesian 3D printer

Abstract

An attempt was made to build a simple and low-cost device capable of positioning 3D prints for the process of additive manufacturing to conveniently allow the desired extend of the existing 3D printing capabilities. 3D printing with the use of increased number of axes, as compared to the standard approach, can eliminate such disadvantages of FDM technology as orthotropy of prints, surface roughness, and the consumption of both time and material devoted to make support structures. A CAD design of a parallel manipulator, used as a positioning table (platform), was developed, which was used for numerical simulations, and then a physical manipulator was made. The table was tested independently, i.e., as a stand-alone device, and, next, in cooperation with a 3D printer which allowed to obtain non-planar prints. The obtained results allowed for both the identification of problems related to multi-axis 3D FDM printing and an attempt to formulate concepts enabling to overcome them via adequate design and control modifications. The raised conclusions will be used to further development and more comprehensive understanding the phenomena that are present during the investigated manufacturing process.