International Journal of Nanomedicine (Oct 2020)
Development of an Experimental Dentifrice with Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and High Fluoride Concentration to Manage Root Dentin Demineralization
Abstract
Aila Maria Cipriano Leal,1 Marcus Vinícius Beserra dos Santos,2 Edson Cavalcanti da Silva Filho,2 André Luis Menezes de Carvalho,3 Cinthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury,4 Glauber Campos Vale1 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; 2Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; 3Dermopharmacy Laboratory, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; 4Departament of Physiological Sciences, Campinas State University, Piracicaba, São Paulo, BrazilCorrespondence: Glauber Campos ValeDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella – SG 10 Bairro Ininga, CEP: 64049-550, Teresina, Piauí, BrazilTel +55 (86) 999912-9200Email [email protected]: High-fluoride dentifrice is used to manage root caries, but there is no evidence whether its association with nanohydroxyapatite could provide an additional protection for root caries. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate the effect of an experimental dentifrice with high fluoride (F−) concentration and nanohydroxyapatite (nano-HA) on root dentin demineralization.Materials and Methods: After formulation of dentifrices, root dentin specimens were randomly assigned to six groups (n = 10) using different dentifrice treatments: placebo; nano-HA without F−; 1,100 μg F−/g; 1,100 μg F−/g + nano-HA; 5,000 μg F−/g; and 5,000 μg F−/g + nano-HA. A pH cycling model was performed for 10 days, in which treatments were performed twice a day. After that period, the longitudinal hardness was evaluated and the area of demineralization (ΔS) was calculated. The formulated dentifrices were evaluated for primary stability, cytotoxicity, and other technical parameters. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test with p set at 5% were used for data analysis.Results: The experimental dentifrices were stable and had no cytotoxicity. Regarding dentin demineralization, the placebo group significantly increased ΔS compared to all other treatment groups (p< 0.001). The dentifrices containing 5,000 μg F−/g, regardless of the presence of nano-HA, led to a smaller lesion area in relation to the other treatments (p< 0.001).Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that nano-HA reduced dentin demineralization, and dentifrice with 5,000 μg F−/g dentifrices, regardless of the presence of nano-HA, showed a greater reduction in root dentin demineralization.Keywords: material development, dentin, dentifrice, fluoride, nanohydroxyapatite
