Известия высших учебных заведений: Проблемы энергетики (Mar 2018)
THE REVIEW OF THE CONDITION OF BRANCH OF TRANSFORMER MANUFACTURE AND TENDENCIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE DESIGN OF POWER TRANSFORMERS
Abstract
Manufacturers and consumers of transformers rather conservatively concern all innovations in transformer manufacture since in power distributive transformers are inherent long term of the operation, essential cost and a purchasing cycle. Progress of perfection of a design of the transformer is substantially defined now by creation new and perfection used conduction, magnetic and insulating materials.Regarding creation new conduction the materials applied by manufacture of mains transformers, it is possible to allocate high-temperature superconducting materials and, accordingly, the HTS transformers created with their application. Pre-production models of HTS transformers with use HTS of a tape of 2nd generation on the basis of superconducting ceramics GdBCO are already made and are tested. Development of manufacturing techniques of the hightension cable has allowed to create a cable with isolation from cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) and to apply it in the field of transformer technologies by working out of the new dryformer.Regarding creation of new magnetic materials the special role is taken away so-called, to the nano-crystal alloy which features have laid down in a basis of creation of new type of amorphous core transformers. Now in the world works on working out of tapes from the amorphous alloys possessing improved magnetic properties and cheapness, in particular Fe(Co)SiBPCCu and 2605SA1 are conducted. As tendencies in change of type of the core and its design are observed. More and more wide application at manufacturing of power three-phase transformers small and a mean power is found by the strip-wound cores which design is executed on technology UNICORE. As interest to a design of cores of the electrotechnical steels executed from different types and received the name “Sandwich” is shown.Regarding perfection of used insulations materials, it is possible to note application of electrotechnical gas (SF6) in transformers in circuit-breaker oil replacements. Such transformers have received the name gas-insulated transformers, and their obvious advantage are ecological compatibility and fire safety.Now it is much spoken about creation of so-called Smart Grid, and their transition in the future to the most effective systems of a highest level called now Microgrid. Certain demands are made to the specified electric systems: maintenance optimum capacity factor and high electrical power factor. The resulted requirements, at present, can be realised only new semiconductor transformers, such as the “Sen” transformer.
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