Determining the stress state on the flank surface of a cutting tool

Abstract

The work investigates the question of theoretically calculating normal and tangent stresses on the contact area of the flank surface of a cutting tool. The field of stresses is calculated with the finite element method by the means of superposition of the fields of stress from the forces that act on the shear surface, and the stress fields from the elastic recovery of the cutting surface, which is imitated by pressing the «stamp» of the flank surface into the cutting surface until the desired criterion of plasticity is reached. We take into consideration the friction forces, which act on the flank surface of the tool and the strengthening the surface layer of the cutting surface as a result of plastic deformation in the zone of primary plastic deformations. It is established, that the forces which act on the shear surface deform the cutting surface in such a way, that the point, which is most distant from the tip of the flank part of the cutting surface comes in contact first. This results in the rapid increase of stress in that point. At the same time, the shear and moment diagram of the friction stressed depends on the form of the chamfer wear of the flank surface in the contact zone. Any artificially created chamfer results in an artificial shear and moment diagram of the stresses. Computer modelling of the wear process of the flank surface has shown that, during the first several seconds, more intense wear occurs on the flank surface, with a higher stress, after which the stress on the flank surface levels up, extending the stress at the end of the inhibited body of the rake surface. The suggested method and the computer calculation algorithm of the contact stresses in a singular complex, deformation-stress-temperature-wear.

Keywords

• forces on the shear surfaces
• stress field on the flank surface during cutting
• friction on the flank surface
• chamfer wear
• inhibited body