Паёми Сино (Jun 2020)

ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHITA CITY)

  • L.A. MIKHAYLOVA,
  • E.S. TOMSKIKH,
  • S.E. LAPA,
  • N.M. BURLAKA,
  • M.A. SMOLYANINOVA

DOI
https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2020-22-2-228-236
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 22, no. 2
pp. 228 – 236

Abstract

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Objective: To analyze the level of atmospheric air pollution, as a factor of affecting the health of the population of Chita in dynamics over the period 2001-2019. Methods: The level of atmospheric air pollution analysis was carried out on the basis of the average daily concentrations of 12 substances (sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, suspended particles, phenol, soot, formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, ozone, benzo(a)pyrene, ammonia). The degree of chemical pollution assessment was performed in accordance with Hygienic Standard 2.1.6.3492 - 17 «Maximum allowable content (MAC) of pollutants in the atmospheric air of urban and rural settlements». Results: The high level of atmospheric air pollution in Chita (aggregate coefficient variates from 9.4 to 13.7) is due to natural climatic conditions, mountain-basin topography, and features of the territory planning structure. The principal sources of emissions are heat and power engineering enterprises, motor vehicle emissions, and stove-heating dwelling houses. Prioritized contaminants include benzo(a)pyrene, suspended substances (dust, fume), and phenol. For investigating period reviews an increase of the proportion of air samples with the content of priority contaminants in concentrations exceeding the MAC on average of 18% per year. An allocation of the level of contaminants throughout the city is uneven, the maximum concentrations are fixed by stationary stations № 4 and № 5, which is due to their allocation at the lowest marks of terrain, peculiarities of the migration of gaseous and suspended substances along the maximum wind rose vector, the relief obstacle for distant scattering. Conclusion: The analysis of the atmospheric air pollution level in dynamics revealed a negative tendency of an increase in the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene, phenol, dust (suspended substances) which can lead to a significant deterioration in the health status of the population and a reduction of the expected duration of a healthy life.

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