The Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Abstract

Background & Objectives: We studied the risk of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), and their interaction on the incidence of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Methods: A population of 6568 participants (43.4% male) with a mean age of 48.4 years for males and 46.7 years for females and a median follow-up of 10.1 years was investigated. They were divided into 4 groups at baseline: CKD-/MetS-, CKD+/MetS-, CKD-/MetS+, CKD+/MetS+. Hazard Ratios (HRs) were calculated for each group and were compared to the first group using multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, education, smoking, total cholesterol, and the family history of cardiovascular diseases. Results: Men with CKD (without MetS) showed an HR of 1.74 (CI 95%: 1.16-2.60) for CHD events. The measured value was 2.34 (1.77-3.08) for men with MetS (without CKD). The respective results were in women 1.18 (0.64-2.19) and 2.59 (1.73-3.88). CKD and MetS had a significant negative interaction with CHD events (HR=0.40, 0.24-0.66). The interaction was not significant in women (P value=0.48). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that CKD without MetS was a risk factor for coronary heart disease in men but not in women.

Keywords

• Interaction
• Chronic kidney disease
• Metabolic syndrome
• Coronary heart disease