Portable multispectral fluorometer for determination of formalin in food samples using nitrogen-doped carbon dots as the fluorescence probe
Warut Singseeta,
Budsakorn Wongsing,
Puttaraksa Naksen,
Purim Jarujamrus,
Somkid Pencharee
Affiliations
Warut Singseeta
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
Budsakorn Wongsing
Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; Nanomaterials Science, Sensors & Catalysis for Problem-Based Projects, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
Puttaraksa Naksen
Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; Nanomaterials Science, Sensors & Catalysis for Problem-Based Projects, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
Purim Jarujamrus
Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; Nanomaterials Science, Sensors & Catalysis for Problem-Based Projects, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; Co-corresponding authors.
Somkid Pencharee
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; Co-corresponding authors.
In this work, we developed a portable multispectral fluorometer for determining formalin (FA). We used nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) as the fluorescence probe, based on right-angle fluorescence spectrometry with twin excitation high-power light emitting diode sources. The multispectral spectroscopy sensor was used as a detector for fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence intensity values were displayed from 0 to 65535 a.u. The FA determination results show a linear relationship in the FA concentration range of 10-75 mg L−1 with r2 = 0.9908. The limit of detection (LOD) was 2.09 mg L−1 (calculated from 3SDblank/slope (n = 3)). In addition, the percentage of relative errors compared with the standard method and standard instrument shows less than 10 percent. The performance of a portable multispectral fluorometer in actual samples exhibited no significant difference compared to the validation instrument results. Therefore, the development of a portable multispectral fluorometer can be used as a fluorometer, and the measurement performance is comparable to a standard fluorescence spectrometer.
