Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis in the Context of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease. Comment on Chen et al. Rapid Progressive Fatal Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis. <i>Diagnostics</i> 2023, <i>13</i>, 2481

Abstract

The study by Chen et al. of a 56-year-old man diagnosed with acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM) had a significant impact on us. The authors provided a comprehensive account of their diagnostic journey and emphasized the need to differentiate myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) from AHEM. However, recent research suggests that AHEM may not be an isolated entity, but rather a phenotype within MOGAD. The patient’s clinical presentation included MRI brain lesions characteristic of MOGAD in addition to hemorrhagic abnormalities. These findings raise the possibility that AHEM in this case represents a MOGAD phenotype. In conclusion, it is important to recognize the potential association between AHEM and MOGAD, especially when distinct MOGAD brain MRI patterns are present, as in this case.

Keywords

• acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis
• myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein