Insights into the Ebola epidemic model and vaccination strategies: An analytical approximate approach

Abstract

Mathematical modeling plays a significant role in understanding and controlling Ebola outbreaks. This study focuses on investigating analytical approximate solutions to the nonlinear Ebola epidemic Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model. The perturbation technique, namely the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is utilized in this study. The SEIR model is crucial for sketching the dynamics of Ebola transmission, including the progression of individuals through different disease stages. To validate the approximate results derived from the HPM, we compare them with solutions obtained using the Runge-Kutta fourth-order (RK4) method. The comparison reveals excellent agreement between the HPM and RK4 solutions, confirming the accuracy of the analytic approach and the effectiveness of the HPM in solving complex epidemic models. Furthermore, graphical illustrations of the results provide valuable insights into the behavior and progression of Ebola outbreaks over time. These illustrations highlight the potential of the HPM as a powerful tool for investigating epidemic models and the development of control strategies.

Keywords

• Ebola outbreaks
• SEIR model
• homotopy perturbation method (HPM)
• Runge-Kutta fourth-order (RK4) method
• vaccination strategies