Arctigenin Inhibits Lung Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Cell Viability and Metastatic Phenotypes
Yo-Han Han,
Ji-Ye Kee,
Dae-Seung Kim,
Jeong-geon Mun,
Mi-Young Jeong,
Sang-Hyun Park,
Byung-Min Choi,
Sung-Joo Park,
Hyun-Jung Kim,
Jae-Young Um,
Seung-Heon Hong
Affiliations
Yo-Han Han
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Ji-Ye Kee
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Dae-Seung Kim
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Jeong-geon Mun
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Mi-Young Jeong
Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Sang-Hyun Park
Isotope Sciences Lab, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Byung-Min Choi
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Sung-Joo Park
Department of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Hyun-Jung Kim
Department of Herb Science, Dong-eui institute of technology, 54 Yangji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47230, Korea
Jae-Young Um
Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
Seung-Heon Hong
Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
Arctigenin (ARC) has been shown to have an anti-cancer effect in various cell types and tissues. However, there have been no studies concerning metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the anti-metastatic properties of ARC on colorectal metastasis and present a potential candidate drug. ARC induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CT26 cells through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway via MAPKs signaling. In several metastatic phenotypes, ARC controlled epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through increasing the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and decreasing the expressions of mesenchymal markers; N-cadherin, vimentin, β-catenin, and Snail. Moreover, ARC inhibited migration and invasion through reducing of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expressions. In an experimental metastasis model, ARC significantly inhibited lung metastasis of CT26 cells. Taken together, our study demonstrates the inhibitory effects of ARC on colorectal metastasis.
