ω3和ω6型多不饱和脂肪酸及其摄入比例对结肠 黏膜屏障功能影响的研究进展Research progress of influences on ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their intake ratio on colonic mucosal barrier function

Abstract

旨在为居民ω3和ω6型多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的平衡摄入提供指导，基于维持肠道屏障功能实现慢性代谢性疾病的预防，概述了结肠组织黏膜屏障的结构，总结了ω6和ω3型PUFA摄入对结肠黏膜屏障功能的影响，并综述了ω6与ω3型PUFA摄入比例对结肠黏膜屏障功能影响的研究进展。ω3型PUFA可增加肠道有益菌群的丰度、抑制促炎细胞因子的生成，从而调控肠道屏障功能；而ω6型PUFA的摄入会改变机体肠道微生物的种类与数量，影响肠道黏膜屏障功能的发挥；ω6与ω3型PUFA比例与结肠黏膜屏障的稳定性密切相关，脂肪组织中低ω6与ω3型PUFA比例在降低慢性病风险方面意义重大。未来还需进一步深入研究ω6和ω3型PUFA的摄入影响结肠黏膜屏障功能的作用机制，为脂肪酸平衡摄入的膳食指导和慢性代谢性疾病的预防提供更精确的理论参考。Aiming to provide guidance for a balanced intake of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the population to achieve the prevention of chronic metabolic diseases based on the maintenance of intestinal barrier function, the structure of the mucosal barrier of colonic tissues was outlined, the roles of ω6 and ω3 PUFA intake on its function were summarised, and research progress on the influences of the ratio of ω6 PUFA to ω3 PUFA intake on the colonic mucosal barrier function were reviewed. ω3 PUFA can increase the abundance of beneficial intestinal flora and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus regulating the intestinal barrier function; whereas the intake of ω6 PUFA will change the species and number of gut microorganisms in the organism, thus affecting the performance of the intestinal mucosal barrier function. The ratio of ω6 PUFA to ω3 PUFA is closely related to the stability of the colonic mucosal barrier, and a low ratio of ω6 PUFA to ω3 PUFA in fat tissue is significant in reducing the risk of chronic diseases. In the future, further in-depth studies are needed to investigate the mechanism of action of ω6 and ω3 PUFA intake in affecting the colonic mucosal barrier function, so as to provide more precise theoretical references for the dietary guidance of balanced fatty acid intake and the prevention of chronic metabolic diseases.

Keywords

• ω6型多不饱和脂肪酸；ω3型多不饱和脂肪酸；脂肪酸比例；肠道黏膜屏障
• ω6 pufa; ω3 pufa; proportion of fatty acid; intestinal mucosal barrier