Assessment of a Structurally Modified Alternanthera Mosaic Plant Virus as a Delivery System for Sarcoma Cells
Daria Fayzullina,
Tatiana Manukhova,
Ekaterina Evtushenko,
Sergey Tsibulnikov,
Kirill Kirgizov,
Ilya Ulasov,
Nikolai Nikitin,
Olga Karpova
Affiliations
Daria Fayzullina
Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Tatiana Manukhova
Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Ekaterina Evtushenko
Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Sergey Tsibulnikov
Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Kirill Kirgizov
Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia
Ilya Ulasov
Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostics, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Nikolai Nikitin
Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Olga Karpova
Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
The virions of plant viruses and their structurally modified particles (SP) represent valuable platforms for recombinant vaccine epitopes and antitumor agents. The possibility of modifying their surface with biological compounds makes them a tool for developing medical biotechnology applications. Here, we applied a new type of SP derived from virions and virus-like particles (VLP) of Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) and well-studied SP from Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). We have tested the ability of SP from AltMV (AltMV SPV) and TMV virions also as AltMV VLP to bind to and penetrate Ewing sarcoma cells. The adsorption properties of AltMV SPV and TMV SP are greater than those of the SP from AltMV VLP. Compared to normal cells, AltMV SPV adsorbed more effectively on patient-derived sarcoma cells, whereas TMV SP were more effective on the established sarcoma cells. The AltMV SPV and TMV SP were captured by all sarcoma cell lines. In the established Ewing sarcoma cell line, the effectiveness of AltMV SPV penetration was greater than that of TMV SP. The usage of structurally modified plant virus particles as a platform for drugs and delivery systems has significant potential in the development of anticancer agents.
