Sacral Neuromodulation: Technical Considerations

Abstract

Sacral neuromodulation is a highly effective therapy. When used in urology for urinary incontinence, refractory urgency and frequency, and non-obstructive retention, it is employed after the failure of conservative measures and considered a surgical option. When used for faecal incontinence, however, it can be considered a first-line surgical treatment. Due to advantages like minimally invasive nature, low morbity rate and availability of a highly accurate test phase, indications of this procedure expanded. Proper patient selection and optimal lead placement are the key determinants of success.Here we present all the steps and technical details for a successful implantation.

Keywords

• fecal incontinence
• sacral neuromodulation
• tecnique