Novel Serum Biomarkers for Patients with Allergic Asthma Phenotype

Jolita Palacionyte; Andrius Januskevicius; Egle Vasyle; Airidas Rimkunas; Ieva Bajoriuniene; Astra Vitkauskiene; Skaidrius Miliauskas; Kestutis Malakauskas

doi:10.3390/biomedicines12010232

Biomedicines (Jan 2024)

Novel Serum Biomarkers for Patients with Allergic Asthma Phenotype

Jolita Palacionyte,
Andrius Januskevicius,
Egle Vasyle,
Airidas Rimkunas,
Ieva Bajoriuniene,
Astra Vitkauskiene,
Skaidrius Miliauskas,
Kestutis Malakauskas

Affiliations

Jolita Palacionyte: Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Andrius Januskevicius: Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Egle Vasyle: Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Airidas Rimkunas: Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Ieva Bajoriuniene: Department of Immunology and Allergology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Astra Vitkauskiene: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Skaidrius Miliauskas: Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Kestutis Malakauskas: Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12010232
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 12, no. 1
p. 232

Abstract

Read online

In distinguishing the allergic asthma (AA) phenotype, it has been identified that specific biomarkers could assist; however, none of them are considered ideal. This study aimed to analyze three groups of biologically active substances in the serum. Twenty steroid-free AA patients, sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and sixteen healthy subjects (HSs) were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected from all patients. Additionally, all AA patients underwent a bronchial allergen challenge (BAC) with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, all of which were positive, and blood samples were collected again 24 h later. The concentrations of ten biologically active substances were measured in the serum samples, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the Luminex® 100/200™ System technology for bead-based multiplex and singleplex immunoassays. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used. A p-value of 0.05 or lower was considered statistically significant. The soluble interleukin 5 receptor subunit alpha (sIL-5Rα) and thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) concentrations were significantly increased, whereas those of tyrosine-protein kinase Met (MET), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and I C-telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were decreased in the AA group compared with the HS group. A significant positive correlation was noted for sIL-5Rα with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), blood eosinophil (EOS) count, and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and a negative correlation was noted with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Moreover, PTX3 showed negative correlations with blood EOS count and total IgE levels, whereas ICTP exhibited a negative correlation with the blood EOS count. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the serum concentrations of MET, PTX3, TRX1, ICTP, and particularly sIL-5Rα could potentially serve as biomarkers of the AA phenotype.

Published in Biomedicines

ISSN: 2227-9059 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Biology (General)
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/biomedicines

About the journal

Abstract

Keywords