Cricoid chondronecrosis: A serious complication of prolonged endotracheal intubation – Case report

Abstract

Introduction and importance: Chondronecrosis is a rare life-threatening complication of endotracheal intubation. Only few cases have been reported in the literature. Here, we present a case report and discuss the diagnosis of the condition, the causative factors, treatment through a literature review. Case presentation: We present a case of a patient with a history of severe brain injury, who developed a cricoid chondronecrosis after prolonged intubation. The complication was suspected when decannulation led to upper airway obstruction and was confirmed by laryngoscopy and computed tomography. Clinical discussion: The diagnosis is suspected in patients with upper airway dyspnea and a prior history of intubation. Multiple anatomical and host-related factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of this unusual entity. In addition to history and presenting symptoms, CT imaging can demonstrate some specific abnormalies. To date, there is no consensus on the best treatment for this condition. Conclusion: Cricoid chondronecrosis carry a high morbidity and therefore a timeous diagnosis and management of these injuries is essential to prevent fatalities.

Keywords

• Chondronecrosis
• Cricoid
• Airway obstruction
• Intubation
• Subglottic stenosis