Effects of Inoculating Autochthonous Starter Cultures on Changes of <i>N-</i>Nitrosamines and Their Precursors in Chinese Traditional Fermented Fish during In Vitro Human Digestion

Abstract

The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of inoculating autochthonous starter cultures on the alterations in microorganisms, biogenic amines, nitrite, and N-nitrosamines in Chinese traditional fermented fish products (CTFPs) during in vitro human digestion. The results revealed that gastric digestion significantly (p Staphylococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae, whereas various microorganisms proliferated extensively during small intestine digestion. Meanwhile, small intestine digestion could significantly increase (p p p p N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosopiperidine in CTFPs. Inoculation with L. plantarum 120, S. cerevisiae 2018, and mixed starter cultures (L. plantarum 120, S. cerevisiae 2018, and S. xylosus 135 [1:1:1]) effectively increased the degree of depletion of NDMA during this digestion process.

Keywords

• Chinese traditional fermented fish
• biogenic amines
• nitrite
• <i>N-</i>nitrosamines
• in vitro human digestion