Nano-Micro Letters (Jan 2021)

Spray Pyrolyzed TiO2 Embedded Multi-Layer Front Contact Design for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

  • Md. Shahiduzzaman,
  • Mohammad Ismail Hossain,
  • Sem Visal,
  • Tetsuya Kaneko,
  • Wayesh Qarony,
  • Shinjiro Umezu,
  • Koji Tomita,
  • Satoru Iwamori,
  • Dietmar Knipp,
  • Yuen Hong Tsang,
  • Md. Akhtaruzzaman,
  • Jean-Michel Nunzi,
  • Tetsuya Taima,
  • Masao Isomura

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00559-2
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 1
pp. 1 – 17

Abstract

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Abstract The photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be improved by utilizing efficient front contact. However, it has always been a significant challenge for fabricating high-quality, scalable, controllable, and cost-effective front contact. This study proposes a realistic multi-layer front contact design to realize efficient single-junction PSCs and perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs). As a critical part of the front contact, we prepared a highly compact titanium oxide (TiO2) film by industrially viable Spray Pyrolysis Deposition (SPD), which acts as a potential electron transport layer (ETL) for the fabrication of PSCs. Optimization and reproducibility of the TiO2 ETL were discreetly investigated while fabricating a set of planar PSCs. As the front contact has a significant influence on the optoelectronic properties of PSCs, hence, we investigated the optics and electrical effects of PSCs by three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and finite element method (FEM) rigorous simulations. The investigation allows us to compare experimental results with the outcome from simulations. Furthermore, an optimized single-junction PSC is designed to enhance the energy conversion efficiency (ECE) by > 30% compared to the planar reference PSC. Finally, the study has been progressed to the realization of all-perovskite TSC that can reach the ECE, exceeding 30%. Detailed guidance for the completion of high-performance PSCs is provided.

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