Assessment of economic traits’ inheritance of winter rye at intraspecific hybridization

Abstract

Intraspecific hybridization in winter rye selection (Secale cereale L. ssp. cereale) is a source of intrapopulation genotypic variability with the possibility of using the effect of interpopulation heterosis. The inheritance of the crop yield, the regeneration degree after overwintering and the weight of 1000 grains in reciprocal and back winter rye F1 intervarietal hybrids was established. Different types of inheritance prevailed in reciprocal and back crossings. The regeneration inheritance and the weight of 1000 grains had a specificity. Traits’ overdominance prevailed in reciprocal crossings (45% of hybrids). The yield of reciprocal hybrids was inherited mainly according to the overdominance type (68% of the hybrids), the weight of 1000 grains - according to the intermediate type (50%), regeneration - according to the overdominance type and transitionally - equally (36% each). Intermediate traits’ inheritance prevailed in back crossings (62% of hybrids). The rarest type of traits’ inheritance was complete dominance of the best parent (2 hybrids). 4 F1 hybrids with the greatest overdominance in yield, regeneration, weight of 1000 grains were allocated. The degree of true and competitive heterosis of reciprocal F1 hybrids in terms of yield was determined. The level of true heterosis of F1 hybrids in terms of yield varied within 6-123%. Economically significant competitive heterosis in terms of yield was established in 7 F1 hybrids.