Construction and Primary Standardization of Tehran Working Memory Test (TWMT)

Abstract

Working memory is a system for recalling and manipulating data. Main of this research was constructing, providing and standardization of Tehran Working Memory Test (TWMT) with developing tables and norm scores in 6- 12 years old age children. In this research and development design, after conducting primary study, final version with 6 subtests- forward words recalling, backward word recalling, forward pictures recalling, backward pictures recalling, non-words recalling and listening recalling- were provided. The study sample consisted of 352 elementary students (173=girls and boys=179), who were selected using cluster random sampling. In this stage, descriptive statistics, t-test and multivariate analysis of variance were used for analyzing data.Conducted analysis leads to presenting working memory profiles with using means and standard deviations for different elementary grades and age six groups. The mean scores of basic combinations component were close to 0.5 norm for most age groups. So, there was no significant difference between all subtests between girls and boys. However, difference between academic grades was significant. TWMT is appropriate test for presenting working memory profile in elementary students with six subtests.

Keywords

• working memory
• assessment and standardization
• tehran working memory test (twmt)