Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems (Jan 2024)
Online monitoring system of material moisture content based on the Kalman filter fusion algorithm in air-impingement dryer
Abstract
A Kalman filter fusion algorithm was proposed, and an online monitoring system was developed for real-time monitoring of the moisture content of materials in an air-impingement dryer. The Kalman filter algorithm was used to estimate the optimal state of the original detection values of the weighting sensor and air velocity sensor. A backpropagation (BP) neural network fusion model was established, where the weight detection value, elastic substrate temperature, air velocity, and impingement distance were considered inputs and the real weight of the material was the output. The optimal topology of the BP neural network was selected, and the initial weights and thresholds of the BP neural network were optimized using a genetic algorithm. The coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the optimized BP neural network fusion model were 0.9995 and 4.9, respectively. The Kalman filter fusion algorithm, which can realize online monitoring of moisture content, was established using the Kalman filter algorithm and fusion model. Moreover, an online monitoring system for material moisture content was developed, validation experiments were carried out, and the R2 and RMSE of the nine sets of validation experiments were 0.9963 and 0.78, respectively. The monitoring system satisfied the requirements of material moisture content detection accuracy in the drying process. The developed monitoring system is greatly important for improving the automation level of the drying equipment for fruits and vegetables. The proposed Kalman filter fusion algorithm also provides a reference for other multifactor fusion detection.
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