Prediction of Arrhythmias and Acute Myocardial Infarctions using Machine Learning

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases such as Acute Myocardial Infarction is one of the 3 leading causes of death in the world according to WHO data, in the same way cardiac arrhythmias are very common diseases today, such as atrial fibrillation. The ECG electrocardiogram is the means of cardiac diagnosis that is used in a standardized way throughout the world. Machine learning models are very helpful in classification and prediction problems. Applied to the field of health, ANN, and CNN artificial and neural networks, added to tree-based models such as XGBoost, are of vital help in the prevention and control of heart disease. The present study aims to compare and evaluate learning based on ANN, CNN and XGBoost algorithms by using the Physionet MIT-BIH and PTB ECG databases, which provide ECGs classified with Arrhythmias and Acute Myocardial Infarctions respectively. The learning times and the percentage of Accuracy of the 3 algorithms in the 2 databases are compared separately, and finally the data are crossed to compare the validity and safety of the learning prediction.

Keywords

• arrhythmias
• acute myocardial infarction
• machine learning
• artificial neural network
• convolutional neural network
• extreme gradient boosting