Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Mar 2011)
Eficácia de dinoprostone e misoprostol para indução do trabalho de parto em nulíparas Efficacy of dinoprostone and misoprostol for labor induction in nulliparous women
Abstract
OBJETIVO: verificar a eficácia e a segurança de dinoprostone e misoprostol para indução do parto vaginal, com ou sem o uso de ocitocina em nulíparas. MÉTODOS: realizou-se estudo retrospectivo, observacional, envolvendo 238 pacientes que foram submetidas à indução do parto de janeiro de 2008 a fevereiro de 2010 com uso de misoprostol 25 mcg via vaginal ou pessário contendo 10 mg de dinoprostone. Desse grupo, foram selecionadas 184 pacientes, que apresentavam as seguintes características: nulíparas, gestação entre 37 e 42 semanas, feto único, apresentação cefálica, membranas íntegras e índice de Bishop PURPOSE: to determine the efficacy and safety of dinoprostone and misoprostol for the induction of vaginal childbirth, with or without the use of oxytocin in nulliparous women. METHODS: in this retrospective observational study, 238 patients were subjected to the induction of delivery from January 2008 to February 2010 with the use of misoprostol 25 mcg by the vaginal route or a pessary containing 10 mg of dinoprostone. A total of 184 patients were selected, with the following characteristics: nulliparous, gestational age of 37-42 weeks, singleton pregnancies, cephalic presentation, intact membranes, and Bishop score < 3. Obstetric and neonatal data were analyzed and compared between groups. The Student t-test, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical analysis, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: the rate of vaginal childbirth did not differ significantly in patients who used misoprostol and dinoprostone (43.2% versus 50%; p = 0.35, respectively). The ripening of cervix was higher in the group treated with misoprostol (87.3% versus 75.6%, p=0.04). The use of oxytocin was necessary in 58.8% of the misoprostol group and 57.3% in the dinoprostone group after the ripening of cervix. Failed induction was the primary indication of caesarean section delivery in both groups, with no significant difference between them. Fetal and maternal adverse events, such as tachysystole and Apgar scores were similar. CONCLUSION: dinoprostone and misoprostol are both effective for vaginal childbirth induction, although they need to be combined with oxytocin. They showed a similar safety profile, with misoprostol being more efficient regarding cervical ripening.
Keywords
