DG Allocation Based on Reliability, Losses and Voltage Sag Considerations: an expert system approach

Abstract

Expert System (ES) as a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodology can potentially help in solving complicated power system problems. This may be more appropriate methodology than conventional optimization techniques when contradiction between objectives appears in reaching the optimum solution. When this contradiction is the hindrance in reaching the required system operation through the application of traditional methods ES can give a hand in such case. In this paper, the knowledge- based ES technique is proposed to reach near-optimum solution which is further directed to the optimum solution through particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. This idea is known as Hybrid-Expert-System (HES). The proposed idea is used in getting the optimum allocation of a number of distributed generation (DG) units on Distribution System (DS) busbars taking into consideration three issues; reliability, voltage sag, and line losses. Optimality is assessed on the economic basis by calculating money benefits (or losses) resulting from DG addition considering the three aforementioned issues. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is ascertained through example.

Keywords

• expert system
• artificial intelligence
• particle swarm optimizatiom
• hybrid expert system
• disteributed generation
• reliability
• voltage sag