Monitoring Early-Stage Evolution of Free Water Content in Alkali-Activated Slag Systems by Using ¹H Low-Field NMR

Abstract

In the present study, the evolution of free water content in five different alkali-activated slag (AAS) systems was continuously monitored and compared using 1H low-field NMR. The alkali activators used were waterglass solutions with three different moduli (1.2, 1.4, and 1.6), sodium hydroxide solution, and sodium sulfate solution. The findings reveal that the type of activator significantly affected the dynamic changes in the relative free water content. Notably, an increase in free water content was observed in the early stages of hydration of all AAS systems except for those activated by sodium sulfate solution. Additionally, this study investigated the relationship between changes in free water content and hydration heat in the AAS systems, dividing the initial 24 h of AAS hydration into three stages. The results demonstrate that free water can serve as an effective probe for monitoring the hydration process in fresh AAS pastes, offering valuable insights alongside traditional thermal signals.

Keywords

• alkali-activated slag
• free water content
• hydration heat
• ¹H low-field NMR