Ankara Medical Journal (Dec 2020)
Use of Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in the Emergency Department for Cases With Warfarin Overdose: A Retrospective Study
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to evaluate the cases with warfarin therapy in which elevated International Normalized Ratio (INR) was detected and Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC) was used for treatment at the Emergency Department (ED), and their treatment outcomes. METHODS: The study was conducted retrospectively at the ED of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical School between 01.01.2013-31.07.2019. Patients 18 years and older having Warfarin therapy who had elevated INR and PCC indication at the ED were included in the study. Demographics, INR levels, and their relationship with mortality were evaluated. The target INR was set as 1.5. The study was conducted retrospectively at the ED of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical School between 01.01.2013-31.07.2019. Patients 18 years and older having Warfarin therapy who had elevated INR and PCC indication at the ED were included in the study. Demographics, INR levels, and their relationship with mortality were evaluated. The target INR was set as 1.5. The study was conducted retrospectively at the ED of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical School between 01.01.2013-31.07.2019. Patients 18 years and older having Warfarin therapy who had elevated INR and PCC indication at the ED were included in the study. Demographics, INR levels, and their relationship with mortality were evaluated. The target INR was set as 1.5. RESULTS: The average age in 106 evaluated cases was 71 (range, 28-97) and 59 (55.70%) were female. The most common reason for warfarin use was atrial fibrillation (42 cases-39.60%). The most common reason for PCC use was intracranial hemorrhage (48 cases-45.30%). The initial median INR was 8.96 (Q1-Q3: 5.06-15). There was no statistically significant relation between initial INR and the reasons for PCC use (p=0.93). The control median INR was 1.43 (Q1-Q3: 1.26-1.91). Target INR was achieved in 49 cases (49.00%). The median drop levels in INR was 81(Q1-Q3: 67-89). 24-hour mortality was 1.97% and 30-day mortality was 20.7%. There was no statistically significant relation between initial INR and mortality (p=0.06-0.09, respectively). No thromboembolic incident was encountered. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In patients, who have hemorrhage or hemorrhage risk due to warfarin overdose, treatment should be implemented considering hemorrhage. In life-threatening hemorrhages and emergency interventions related to warfarin, PCC has an efficient role in INR reduction.
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