ROLE OF SERUM EOSINOPHILIC CATIONIC PROTEIN AND TRYPTASE IN MYELOPROLIFERATIVE AND LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Abstract

Abstract. A role of intracellular proteins of eosinophils and mast cells remains unclear in the patients with hematological neoplasia. There is a substantial evidence that eosinophils possess some common mechanisms of cooperation with mast cells. Therapeutic interventions into key events controlling eosinophil migration may be a leading factor in treatment of hypereosinophylic states in onco-hematological disorders. Due to unknown functions of eosinophils in majority of eosinophilia-associated diseases, it would be useful to establish an algorithm of accurate diagnostics in the patients with eosinophilia, in order to choose more effective treatment in future.We studied serum levels of secretable eosinophil and mast cells proteins in oncohematological patients with increased eosinophil counts. The aim of our study was to test a significance of quantitative assay for tryptase and ECP in the patients with myelo- and lymphoproliferative diseases. The study group included thirty-eight patients with oncohematological diseases, accompanied by a marked eosinophilia (> 0.4 x 109/L). Eighteen patients with bronchial asthma (BA), and eight cases of solid tumors comprised a reference group for polyclonal eosinophilia. The levels of ECP and tryptase were measured in blood serum using a commercial fluoroimmunoenzyme assay («Pharmacia», Uppsala, Sweden). Total ECP levels were markedly increased in general group with hematological malignancies (p < 0.03), , and in cases of chronic GvHD (p < 0.03), and in a sub-group with lymphoproliferative disorders (р = 0.007) as compared to the group of non-hematological diseases.Serum levels of tryptase were significantly increased in the patients with chronic GvHD after allo-HSCT and lymphoproliferative diseases, as compared to the group of patients with solid tumors (р = 0.03), as well in GvHD compared with lymphoproliferative disorders (р < 0.05).A direct correlation was found between serum ECP levels and absolute eosinophil counts in peripheral blood for general hematological group (r = 0.51; р = 0.000001), and for a group of patients with lymphoproliferative diseases (r = 0.9; р = 0.000001). Hence, a quantitative determination of soluble eosinophylic proteins and mast cell-specific enzymes in blood serum are useful for diagnostics and monitoring of various hypereosinophilic conditions in oncohematological disorders. (Med. Immunol., vol. 10, N 4-5, pp 361-370).

Keywords

• ecp
• tryptase
• eosinophilia
• hematological neoplasia