Analysis of winter wheat varieties suitable for cultivation in conditions of flooding

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study the reaction of winter wheat varieties to artificially simulated flooding and to identify forms resistant to this factor in the field conditions. In a series of laboratory experiments to study the adaptation of winter wheat seeds to lack of oxygen (hypo- and anoxia) in 2019-2021 and field studies in 2017-2021, the objects of research were 10 varieties of winter wheat. The depressing effect of laboratory hypoxia is manifested in severe germination depression and a large number of defective seeds. The number of rotted seeds ranged from 49.8 to 79.9%, the number of non-normal germinated seeds ranged from 1.3 to 8.4%. The following varieties were characterized by a low degree of germination process inhibition: Angelina (43.7%), Anfisa (41.6%), Boyarka (31.5%). Moreover, the coefficient of variation (CV) of germinating seeds over the years in these varieties was the lowest – 15.3-26.4%. A high degree of conjugacy of the selected varieties with the HTCMin September was noted: plant germination in autumn (r=+0.864 ...+0.982), the number of preserved plants after overwintering (r=+0.229...+0.745), yield (r=+0.454 ...+0.622). The positive conjugacy of the HTCMof March on the number of preserved plants after overwintering was revealed (r=+0.601). Field studies have shown that the largest number of preserved plants in the field were formed by the varieties Anfisa (77.8%), Boyarka (72.8%), and Angelina (74.4%). These varieties can be recommended for conditions of lowlands, poorly permeable soils, and other places where the soil may be waterlogged in autumn or spring, including accumulation and stagnation of precipitation.