Assessment of membrane-organizing extension spike protein as a biomarker for periodontal disease by comparing its level in gingival crevicular fluid in individuals with and without chronic severe periodontitis – A pilot study

Abstract

Background: Membrane-organizing extension spike protein (Moesin) is a cytoskeletal protein expressed in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) which may play a role in the immune response in periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Moesin can be used as a biomarker for periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients satisfying the required inclusion criteria were selected from those reporting to the out patient (OP) of the department of periodontics and divided into two groups: Group A – systemically healthy controls with no periodontitis and Group B – systemically healthy controls with chronic severe periodontitis. Periodontal parameters were recorded. GCF was collected, and Moesin levels in the two groups were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Scaling and root planing (SRP) was done in Group B patients who were reviewed, and samples were collected again after 4 weeks and analyzed. Results: At baseline, the mean GCF Moesin level in Group A was 666.95 ± 471.872 pg/ml, while in Group B, it was found to be 27435.35 ± 14179.77 pg/ml, which showed a high statistically significant difference on comparison. The mean GCF Moesin level in patients with chronic severe periodontitis was 27435.35 ± 14179.77 pg/ml at baseline, and on review 1 month after SRP, it was found to have undergone a statistically significant reduction to 27161.23 ± 14161.57 pg/ml (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that Moesin can serve as a potential biomarker for periodontal disease.

Keywords

• Biomarker
• membrane-organizing extension spike protein
• periodontal disease