SELECTED QUALITY INDICATORS OF SUNFLOWER SEED AND OIL SOLD IN UKRAINE

Abstract

Due to the growing need for healthy food, the demand for high-oleic sunflower oil is increasing every year, both in the world and in Ukraine. Oil has valuable properties for both manufacturers and consumers. Therefore, seƫng standards for the fatty acid composition of sunflower seeds and sunflower oil is quite relevant and important. The purpose of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of the Ukrainian and the international regulations on the content of fatty acids in sunflower oil; to study the sunflower oil and sunflower seeds available on the Ukrainian market by separate quality indicators and to determine the proportion of high-oleic oil. The article provides a comparative analysis of national and international regulations. The current DSTU 4492: 2017 does not have a distribution of sunflower oil according to the oleic acid content. This acid is normalized in the range of 14.0–39.4 %, which corresponds to ordinary oil. According to international requirements, sunflower oil is divided into ordinary, with an average content of oleic acid and high-oleic acid, and some more fatty acids regulated. We used gas chromatography to determine the fatty acid composition of sunflower seeds and sunflower oil samples received for research at ULQSAP during 2017–2019. It was found that the market of Ukraine had a significant share of high-oleic oil, particularly in 2019 (57.14 %), compared to 2018 (18.8 %) and 2017 (40 %). This confirms the worldwide trend of growing varieties of high oleic acid sunflower breeds in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of sunflower seeds by mass fraction of oil for 2017-2019 was carried out. We established that by mass fraction of oil, sunflower seeds used for the production of sunflower oil in Ukraine mainly belong to the second class

Keywords

• fatty acids
• high-oleic oil
• sunflower seeds
• oleic acid
• the mass fraction of oil