Clinical Manifestations of Intracranial Hypertension and Herniation Syndrome

Abstract

Neurocritically ill patients commonly develop secondary brain injury such as brain herniation and intracranial hypertension because of space occupying lesion in the brain. Currently, the aim of neurocritical care is early detection and minimizing secondary brain injury. In order to meet these treatment goals, an awareness of associated symptoms and signs of patients in the neurological intensive care unit is needed, even in those with decreased consciousness due to severe brain injury. In this review, we aimed to describe clinical manifestations and imaging findings of intracranial hypertension and brain herniation.

Keywords

• Critical illness
• Intensive care unit
• Intracranial hypertension
• Elevated intracranial pressure
• Cerebellar herniation
• Tonsillar herniation