Identification Tharais: Rediscovering a Byzantine Archaeological Site on the Madaba Mosaic Map

Abstract

This study delves into the archaeological site of Tharais, which is referenced in the famous Madaba mosaic map. and dates back to the Byzantine era. Our goal is to determine the exact location of this ancient settlement by carefully examining the available literature. It includes archaeological reports, maps, and historical records. Fieldwork was conducted in the western extension of Karak Governorate in Jordan between 2021 to 2024. Our investigations successfully identified Tharais in the northwestern region of the town of El-ʿIrāq, located on Karak plateau, historically known as the land of Moab. Archaeological remnants characteristic of the Byzantine period has been excavated in this area, including pottery shards, stone implements, and architectural remains. This discovery of Tharais significantly enhances our understanding of the history and cultural structure of the region during the Byzantine period. The site’s strategic position on the trade corridor linking Moabite plateau to the south-eastern Dead Sea region hints at its prominence as a commercial and religious hub. To fully grasp the specific roles and historical context of Tharais within the Byzantine period, further archaeological exploration is imperative. In conclusion, this research not only illuminates a specific archaeological site but also aligns with the broader endeavor to safeguard and protect Jordan’s cultural legacy.

Keywords

• southern jordan
• karak
• el-ʿirāq
• tharais
• madaba mosaic map.
• byzantine archaeology
• güney ürdün
• karak
• irak
• tharais
• bizans arkeolojisi
• madaba mozaik haritası