Uncovering the Potential of Carbon Stocks and Nutrients in Livestock Systems in Zamora Chinchipe

Abstract

Zamora Chinchipe’s soil supports the biodiversity of its forests, but small farmers also use it for agricultural activities. Unsustainable management of these areas contributes to expanding the agricultural frontier, which generates pressure on ecosystems. This study aimed to estimate soil carbon and nutrient stocks in forest areas, pastures, and silvopasture systems as a strategy to mitigate and adapt to climate change. A total of 100 dairy farms were selected, and 300 soil samples were collected from three types of use (forest, pasture, and silvopasture systems), from which soil physicochemical properties and carbon stocks were evaluated. Significant statistical differences were observed at the surface level (0–20 cm depth) in properties such as nitrogen, potassium, sulfur, magnesium, and calcium in the three soil uses. However, no statistical differences were detected in bulk density, texture, carbon stocks, pH, phosphorus, and micronutrients. The results of this study underscore the importance of conserving forests and incorporating silvopasture systems in the region as an effective strategy to improve soil properties. This integration contributes to promoting a more sustainable and resilient livestock production in the face of the challenges of climate change.