Belonging in the Mix

Abstract

Whose sounds fit in the nation-state? Countering histories of erasure, this essay investigates the role of hip hop music in articulating Black and Native histories and presence in Canada. Analysis of music by Kardinal Offishall, Webster, and Winnipeg’s Most demonstrates how minority and Indigenous groups express belonging and sovereignty, respectively.

Keywords

• Indigenous music
• hip hop
• national belonging
• race
• Canada