A New Paclitaxel Formulation Based on Secretome Isolated from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Shows a Significant Cytotoxic Effect on Osteosarcoma Cell Lines
Alessia Giovanna Santa Banche Niclot,
Elena Marini,
Ivana Ferrero,
Francesco Barbero,
Elena Rosso,
Ivana Fenoglio,
Alessandro Barge,
Augusto Pessina,
Valentina Coccè,
Francesca Paino,
Katia Mareschi,
Franca Fagioli
Affiliations
Alessia Giovanna Santa Banche Niclot
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
Elena Marini
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
Ivana Ferrero
Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy
Francesco Barbero
Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
Elena Rosso
Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
Ivana Fenoglio
Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
Alessandro Barge
Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
Augusto Pessina
CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Valentina Coccè
CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Francesca Paino
CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Katia Mareschi
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
Franca Fagioli
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) represents a rare cancer with an unfavorable prognosis that needs innovative treatment. The aim was to isolate a secretome from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are treated with paclitaxel (PTX)-containing microvesicles as a drug delivery system and analyze its cytotoxic effects on OS cell lines (SJSA, MG63, and HOS). Methods: Three batches of secretome (SECR-1, SECR-2, and SECR-3) were produced from three bone marrow (BM) MSCs samples treated for 24 h with 15 µg/mL of PTX or with a standard medium. The viability of the OS cell lines after 5 days of exposure to SECR-1-2-3 (pure and diluted to 1:2 and 1:4) was analyzed with an MTT assay. The same SECR batches were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and with a nanoparticle tracking assay (NTA). Results: A statistically significant decrease in the viability of all OS cell lines was observed after treatment with SECR-PTX 1-2-3 in a dose–response manner. The NTA analyses showed the presence of nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean size comparable to that of extracellular vesicles (EVs). The HPLC analyses detected the presence of PTX in minimal doses in all SECR batches. Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study showed that the conditioned medium isolated from MSCs loaded with PTX had a strong cytotoxic effect on OS cell lines, due to the presence of EV and PTX.
