Prevalence and correlates of noncommunicable disease risk factors in a peri-urban community of Oyo State, South West, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: The world is currently witnessing an epidemic of noncommunicable diseases (NCD). Four main diseases account for most morbidities and mortalities associated with NCD and they have four main risk factors in common. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence and assess the factors influencing NCD-risk factors co-occurrence among adults in Ogbomoso, South West Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed among 195 residents of Papa-Areago, a suburb of Ogbomoso town. Study participants were recruited using cluster sampling technique and interviewed using an instrument adapted from the WHO STEPS-questionnaire. Chi-square test was utilized to compare categorical variables and Logistic regression conducted to assess factors associated with coexistence of NCD risk factors. Results: Mean age of the respondents was 49.6 ± 1.4. Not < 81% of the respondents were physically inactive, 7.7% were current smokers, 2.6% engaged in harmful alcohol use, 46.7% did not consume adequate servings of fruits and vegetables, 41.5% had raised blood pressures whereas 35.9% were overweight. Only 4.6% of the respondents had no risk factors whereas 31.7% of them had at least two risk factors coexisting. The odds of coexistence of risk factors was significantly lower among those in the 21–40 age category when compared to those who were at least 60 years of age (OR; 0.34, CI; 0.12–0.94). Conclusion: The burden of NCD risk factors is high in Nigeria. There is an urgent need for the design of implementable programs targeting the control of these risk factors among Nigerian adults.

Keywords

• Adults
• co-occurrence
• noncommunicable diseases
• risk factors