Biochar and biosorbents derived from biomass for arsenic remediation
Gaurav Sharma,
Yaksha Verma,
Chin Wei Lai,
Mu. Naushad,
Jibran Iqbal,
Amit Kumar,
Pooja Dhiman
Affiliations
Gaurav Sharma
International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; Corresponding author.
Yaksha Verma
International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
Chin Wei Lai
Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Corresponding author.
Mu. Naushad
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
Jibran Iqbal
Department of Environmental Sciences and Sustainability, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, 144534, United Arab Emirates
Amit Kumar
International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
Pooja Dhiman
International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
Global groundwater contamination by Arsenic (As) presents a grave danger to the health of living beings and wildlife, demanding comprehensive remediation strategies. This review delves into the complex landscape of arsenic remediation, encompassing its chemical forms, occurrences, sources, and associated health risks. Advanced techniques, notably biomass-derived adsorbents, emerge as promising and cost-effective solutions. The exploration spans preparing and modifying biomass-derived adsorbents, unraveling their adsorption capacity, influencing factors, isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. Noteworthy attention is given to plant-agricultural waste, algal-fungal-bacterial, and iron-modified biomass-derived adsorbents. The comprehensive discussion of the adsorption mechanism highlights the efficacy of low-cost biomass, particularly from plant, animal, and agricultural residues, offering a sustainable remedy for arsenic removal. This insightful review contributes to the understanding of evolving technologies essential for addressing arsenic contamination in wastewater, emphasizing the potential of renewable biomaterials in advancing efficient remediation practices.
