Zhongguo shuxue zazhi (Jun 2024)
Transfusion reactions in 711 pediatric patients: a retrospective analysis
Abstract
Objective To analyze the characteristics and related influencing factors of transfusion reactions in pediatric patients, so as to provide evidence for clinical treatment and prevention of transfusion reactions. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on children who received blood transfusions at our hospital from 2019 to 2023 in terms of the incidence, types, time of occurrence, and related influencing factors of transfusion reactions. Results A total of 69 926 transfusions were performed from 2019 to 2023, with 711 cases of transfusion reactions, resulting in an incidence of 1.02%. The incidence of transfusion reactions decreased annually from 2019 (1.89%) to 2022 (0.50%). The incidence of transfusion reactions to apheresis platelets, frozen plasma, suspended leukocyte-depleted red blood cells and cryoprecipitate coagulation factor were 2.16% (551/25 565), 0.50% (92/18 277), 0.25% (65/25 679) and 0.74% (3/405), respectively, with apheresis platelet transfusion of a significantly higher incidence compared to other blood components (P<0.05). As of transfusion reaction types, allergic reactions accounted for 86.22% (613/711), febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR) accounted for 13.08% (93/711), and acute hemolytic transfusion reactions accounted for 0.70% (5/711). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that apheresis platelet transfusion was an independent risk factor for allergic reactions (P<0.05), while suspended leukocyte-depleted red blood cells transfusion was an independent risk factor for FNHTR (P<0.05). In terms of the occurrence time of transfusion reactions, compared to apheresis platelets and frozen plasma, transfusion reactions caused by suspended leukocyte-depleted red blood cells transfusion occurred later (apheresis platelets P<0.05, frozen plasma P<0.05). Conclusion The results suggest that blood components transfused are significant influencing factors for the characteristics of transfusion reactions in pediatric patients, affecting the incidence, types, and occurrence time of transfusion reactions, which provides reference for clinical treatment and prevention of transfusion reactions.
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