APL Photonics (Jan 2023)

High-speed uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes on silicon nitride

  • Dennis Maes,
  • Sam Lemey,
  • Gunther Roelkens,
  • Mohammed Zaknoune,
  • Vanessa Avramovic,
  • Etienne Okada,
  • Pascal Szriftgiser,
  • Emilien Peytavit,
  • Guillaume Ducournau,
  • Bart Kuyken

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0119244
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8, no. 1
pp. 016104 – 016104-6

Abstract

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Integrated photonics is an emerging technology for many existing and future telecommunication and data communication applications. One platform of particular interest is silicon nitride (SiN), thanks to—among others—its very low-loss waveguides. However, it lacks active devices, such as lasers, amplifiers, and photodiodes. For this, hybrid or heterogeneous integration is needed. Here, we bring high-speed uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes to a low-loss SiN-platform by means of micro-transfer-printing. This versatile technology for heterogeneous integration not only allows very dense and material-efficient III–V integration but also eases the fabrication, yielding high-performance detectors. The waveguide-coupled photodiodes feature a responsivity of 0.3 A/W at 1550 nm, a dark current of 10 nA, and a bandwidth of 155 GHz at a low bias. At zero bias, a record bandwidth of 135 GHz is achieved. We further demonstrate that this integrated detector can be used for direct photomixing at terahertz frequencies. A back-to-back communication link with a carrier frequency of around 300 GHz is set up, and data rates up to 160 Gbit/s with a low error vector magnitude are shown, showcasing a near-identical performance at zero bias.