Uncomplicated Generalized Subcutaneous Emphysema in a Dog

Abstract

Case Description- A 3-year-old male mix breed dog was referred to the veterinary hospital for evaluation of extensive subcutaneous emphysema. The emphysema was Initially confined to the thoracic region and then progressed symmetrically over the abdominal regions, even face and extremities. The animal had normal appetite and physical examination. Crackling sensation was detected on palpation of the swollen areas and emphysema causing closure of palpebral fissures but no respiratory distress and external wounds were noted. Endoscopy was carried out but no mucosal rupture was seen on the pharyngeal area, trachea, and esophagus. Thoracic radiographs showed diffuse subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and left fifth and sixth rib's fracture, but there was no evidence of pneumothorax. Treatment and Outcome-Strict cage rest was recommended. Alternate daily radiographs revealed that subcutaneous emphysema was completely resolved spontaneously after ten days. Clinical Relevance-Generalized subcutaneous emphysema occurs when air leaks strongly viatracheobranchial tears or cervical and intrathoracic lesions. This phenomenon is a rare condition in dogs and routinely become complicated because sever accumulation of all' cause side effects such as pleural rapture, pneumothorax and dyspnea in affected animals. Surprisingly no complication was seen after tracheobronchial lesion in this case and the dog heals spontaneously.