Impact of Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients With Heart Failure Undergoing Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair: The COAPT Trial

Abstract

Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) and heart failure (HF) often coexist. Whether PAD influences outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) in patients with HF and severe secondary mitral regurgitation is unknown. The objectives are to assess the impact of PAD on outcomes of TMVr plus guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) versus GDMT alone in patients with HF and secondary mitral regurgitation. Methods and Results The COAPT trial (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation) randomized patients with HF with ≥moderate‐to‐severe secondary mitral regurgitation to TMVr with MitraClip implant plus GDMT versus GDMT alone. We evaluated the relationship between PAD and 2‐year outcomes in the COAPT trial and examined whether PAD modified the benefits of TMVr. Among 614 patients enrolled, 109 (17.8%) had PAD. By multivariable analysis, PAD was independently associated with 2‐year mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [adjHR], 1.51 [95% CI, 1.07–2.15]) but not HF hospitalizations. Compared with GDMT alone, TMVr reduced the 2‐year risk of death in patients without PAD (adjHR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.30–0.60]) but not those with PAD (adjHR, 1.27 [95% CI, 0.72–2.27]; Pinteraction=0.001). In contrast, TMVr reduced HF hospitalizations consistently in patients with (adjHR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.35–1.23]) and without (adjHR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.31–0.57]) PAD (Pinteraction=0.22). Improvements in health status and exercise capacity at 2 years with TMVr compared with GDMT alone were similar in degree, irrespective of PAD status (Pinteraction=0.76 and 0.64, respectively). Conclusions In patients with HF and severe secondary mitral regurgitation, the reduced mortality with TMVr in the overall COAPT study population was not observed in the subgroup of patients with PAD. However, TMVr reduced HF hospitalizations and improved health status and exercise capacity consistently in patients with and without PAD. Registration Clinical Trial Name: Cardiovascular Outocmes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation (The COAPT Trial); URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/; Unique identifier: NCT01626079. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01626079

Keywords

• COAPT
• heart failure
• mitral regurgitation
• peripheral artery disease
• transcatheter mitral valve repair