The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2023)
Coronal Heating Rate in the Slow Solar Wind
- Daniele Telloni,
- Marco Romoli,
- Marco Velli,
- Gary P. Zank,
- Laxman Adhikari,
- Cooper Downs,
- Aleksandr Burtovoi,
- Roberto Susino,
- Daniele Spadaro,
- Lingling Zhao,
- Alessandro Liberatore,
- Chen Shi,
- Yara De Leo,
- Lucia Abbo,
- Federica Frassati,
- Giovanna Jerse,
- Federico Landini,
- Gianalfredo Nicolini,
- Maurizio Pancrazzi,
- Giuliana Russano,
- Clementina Sasso,
- Vincenzo Andretta,
- Vania Da Deppo,
- Silvano Fineschi,
- Catia Grimani,
- Petr Heinzel,
- John D. Moses,
- Giampiero Naletto,
- Marco Stangalini,
- Luca Teriaca,
- Michela Uslenghi,
- Arkadiusz Berlicki,
- Roberto Bruno,
- Gerardo Capobianco,
- Giuseppe E. Capuano,
- Chiara Casini,
- Marta Casti,
- Paolo Chioetto,
- Alain J. Corso,
- Raffaella D’Amicis,
- Michele Fabi,
- Fabio Frassetto,
- Marina Giarrusso,
- Silvio Giordano,
- Salvo L. Guglielmino,
- Enrico Magli,
- Giuseppe Massone,
- Mauro Messerotti,
- Giuseppe Nisticò,
- Maria G. Pelizzo,
- Fabio Reale,
- Paolo Romano,
- Udo Schühle,
- Sami K. Solanki,
- Thomas Straus,
- Rita Ventura,
- Cosimo A. Volpicelli,
- Luca Zangrilli,
- Gaetano Zimbardo,
- Paola Zuppella,
- Stuart D. Bale,
- Justin C. Kasper
Affiliations
- Daniele Telloni
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Marco Romoli
- ORCiD
- University of Florence , Department of Physics and Astronomy, Via Giovanni Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Marco Velli
- ORCiD
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Gary P. Zank
- ORCiD
- Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL 35805, USA; Department of Space Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL 35805, USA
- Laxman Adhikari
- ORCiD
- Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL 35805, USA
- Cooper Downs
- ORCiD
- Predictive Science Inc. , San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Aleksandr Burtovoi
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Arcetri, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
- Roberto Susino
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Daniele Spadaro
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy
- Lingling Zhao
- ORCiD
- Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL 35805, USA
- Alessandro Liberatore
- ORCiD
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Chen Shi
- ORCiD
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Yara De Leo
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany; University of Catania , Department of Physics and Astronomy, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy
- Lucia Abbo
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Federica Frassati
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Giovanna Jerse
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astronomical Observatory of Trieste, Località Basovizza 302, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Federico Landini
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Gianalfredo Nicolini
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Maurizio Pancrazzi
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Giuliana Russano
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
- Clementina Sasso
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
- Vincenzo Andretta
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
- Vania Da Deppo
- ORCiD
- National Research Council , Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Silvano Fineschi
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Catia Grimani
- ORCiD
- University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Via Santa Chiara 27, I-61029 Urbino, Italy; National Institute for Nuclear Physics , Section in Florence, Via Bruno Rossi 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Petr Heinzel
- ORCiD
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Institute , Fričova 298, CZ-25165 Ondřejov,Ondřejov, Czechia; University of Wrocław , Centre of Scientific Excellence—Solar and Stellar Activity, ul. Kopernika 11, PL-51-622 Wrocław, Poland
- John D. Moses
- ORCiD
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration , Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA
- Giampiero Naletto
- ORCiD
- University of Padua , Department of Physics and Astronomy, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Marco Stangalini
- ORCiD
- Italian Space Agency , Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Luca Teriaca
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Michela Uslenghi
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Institute of Space Astrophysics and Cosmic Physics of Milan, Via Alfonso Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Arkadiusz Berlicki
- ORCiD
- University of Wrocław , Centre of Scientific Excellence—Solar and Stellar Activity, ul. Kopernika 11, PL-51-622 Wrocław, Poland; University of Wrocław , Astronomical Institute, Kopernika 11, PL-51622 Wrocław, Poland
- Roberto Bruno
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics, Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Gerardo Capobianco
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Giuseppe E. Capuano
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy; University of Catania , Department of Physics and Astronomy, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy
- Chiara Casini
- ORCiD
- National Research Council , Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Centre of Studies and Activities for Space “Giuseppe Colombo” , Via Venezia 15, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Marta Casti
- ORCiD
- The Catholic University of America at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration , Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Paolo Chioetto
- ORCiD
- National Research Council , Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Centre of Studies and Activities for Space “Giuseppe Colombo” , Via Venezia 15, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Alain J. Corso
- ORCiD
- National Research Council , Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Raffaella D’Amicis
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics, Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Michele Fabi
- ORCiD
- University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Via Santa Chiara 27, I-61029 Urbino, Italy; National Institute for Nuclear Physics , Section in Florence, Via Bruno Rossi 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Fabio Frassetto
- ORCiD
- National Research Council , Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Marina Giarrusso
- ORCiD
- University of Florence , Department of Physics and Astronomy, Via Giovanni Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Silvio Giordano
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Salvo L. Guglielmino
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy
- Enrico Magli
- ORCiD
- Politecnico of Turin , Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy
- Giuseppe Massone
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Mauro Messerotti
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astronomical Observatory of Trieste, Località Basovizza 302, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; University of Trieste , Department of Physics, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Giuseppe Nisticò
- ORCiD
- University of Calabria , Department of Physics, Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 31C, I-87036 Rende, Italy
- Maria G. Pelizzo
- ORCiD
- University of Padua , Department of Information Engineering, Via Giovanni Gradenigo 6, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Fabio Reale
- ORCiD
- University of Palermo , Department of Physics and Chemistry - Emilio Segrè, Piazza del Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy; National Institute for Astrophysics , Astronomical Observatory of Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy
- Paolo Romano
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy
- Udo Schühle
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Sami K. Solanki
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Thomas Straus
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
- Rita Ventura
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy
- Cosimo A. Volpicelli
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Luca Zangrilli
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Astrophysics , Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy ; [email protected]
- Gaetano Zimbardo
- ORCiD
- University of Calabria , Department of Physics, Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 31C, I-87036 Rende, Italy
- Paola Zuppella
- ORCiD
- National Research Council , Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Stuart D. Bale
- ORCiD
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Physics Department, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Justin C. Kasper
- ORCiD
- BWX Technologies, Inc. , Washington, DC 20002, USA; Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ace112
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 955,
no. 1
p. L4
Abstract
This Letter reports the first observational estimate of the heating rate in the slowly expanding solar corona. The analysis exploits the simultaneous remote and local observations of the same coronal plasma volume, with the Solar Orbiter/Metis and the Parker Solar Probe instruments, respectively, and relies on the basic solar wind magnetohydrodynamic equations. As expected, energy losses are a minor fraction of the solar wind energy flux, since most of the energy dissipation that feeds the heating and acceleration of the coronal flow occurs much closer to the Sun than the heights probed in the present study, which range from 6.3 to 13.3 R _⊙ . The energy deposited to the supersonic wind is then used to explain the observed slight residual wind acceleration and to maintain the plasma in a nonadiabatic state. As derived in the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin limit, the present energy transfer rate estimates provide a lower limit, which can be very useful in refining the turbulence-based modeling of coronal heating and subsequent solar wind acceleration.
Keywords
- Magnetohydrodynamics
- Magnetohydrodynamical simulations
- Interplanetary turbulence
- Solar corona
- Solar coronal heating
- Solar wind
