Current status of clinical application of immunotherapy in the treatment of glioma: A narrative review

Abstract

Glioma is a common type of brain tumor. Current treatment for glioma includes surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and tumor-treating fields. The application of immunotherapy to treat glioma is still far from satisfactory in the clinic. Here, we review the mechanisms of immunotherapy for glioma (including immune checkpoint inhibitor, chimeric antigen receptor-T-cell, tumor vaccine, and oncolytic virus) and the results of completed clinical trials, and will discuss the current status of immunotherapy and possible future directions.

Keywords

• chimeric antigen receptor-t-cell
• glioma
• immune checkpoint inhibitor
• oncolytic virus
• tumor vaccine