Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Role of Chronic Inflammation and Platelet Aggregation
Sofija I. Lugonja,
Ivana L. Pantic,
Tamara M. Milovanovic,
Vesna M. Grbovic,
Bojana M. Djokovic,
Željko D. Todorovic,
Stefan M. Simovic,
Raša H. Medovic,
Nebojsa D. Zdravkovic,
Natasa D. Zdravkovic
Affiliations
Sofija I. Lugonja
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital “Djordje Joanovic”, 5 Dr. Vase Savica Street, 23000 Zrenjanin, Serbia
Ivana L. Pantic
Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 2 Dr. Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Tamara M. Milovanovic
Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 2 Dr. Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Vesna M. Grbovic
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Bojana M. Djokovic
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Željko D. Todorovic
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Stefan M. Simovic
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Raša H. Medovic
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Nebojsa D. Zdravkovic
Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Natasa D. Zdravkovic
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Background and Objectives: Atherosclerosis is one of inflammatory bowel disease’s most significant cardiovascular manifestations. This research aimed to examine the relationship between biochemical, haemostatic, and immune parameters of atherosclerosis and ulcerative colitis patients and its relationship to platelet aggregation. Materials and Methods: A clinical, observational cross-sectional study was performed, during which the tested parameters were compared in the experimental and control groups. The patients were divided into four groups. The first group had 25 patients who had ulcerative colitis and atherosclerosis. The second group included 39 patients with ulcerative colitis without atherosclerosis. The third group comprised 31 patients suffering from atherosclerosis without ulcerative colitis, and the fourth group comprised 25 healthy subjects. Results: In our study, we registered statistically higher levels of inflammatory markers like SE, CRP, Le, fecal calprotectin, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as the higher value of thrombocytes and thrombocyte aggregation in the group of patients with ulcerative colitis compared to the control group. Lower levels of total cholesterol and LDL were also recorded in patients with ulcerative colitis and atherosclerosis and ulcerative colitis without atherosclerosis compared to healthy control. Triglyceride and remnant cholesterol were higher in patients with ulcerative colitis and atherosclerosis when compared to patients with ulcerative colitis and healthy control but lower than in patients with atherosclerosis only. Conclusions: Several inflammatory markers and platelet aggregation could be good discrimination markers for subjects with ulcerative colitis with the highest risk of atherosclerosis.
