Arabian Journal of Chemistry (Sep 2023)
Qualitative assessment on cisplatin loaded CeO2/Au/GO hybrid as theranostics platform in HeLa cell lines
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been increasingly popular in bioimaging and cancer therapy due to their unique characteristics to reachtarget-specific tumours. Due to this uniqueness, a drug delivery platform made of nanomaterials has been developed to deliver theanti-cancer drug to target sites. As the number of incidences of cancer increases, it is critical to provide a medication delivery platform for treating cancer as soon as possible. Also, nanosystems based on carbon have been widely used as a possible biomarker for cancer imaging and therapeutics. This research work primarily focuses on the development of a spherical-shaped porous CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanocomposite to serve as a nanoplatform to treatcervical cancer. The stacked layer of graphene oxide (GO) was loaded with porous aminated cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). X-ray Diffraction (XRD),Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate their physio-chemical properties and morphology. Furthermore, HeLa cells were interacted with the suggested porous Au/GO hybrid, CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem and cisplatin-loaded CeO2/Au/GO hybrid system (CeO2/Cis-Au/GO hybrid), under in-vitro conditions to assess the anti-cancer efficacy of the proposed nanoplatforms. In this study, the minimum concentration of Au/GO at which nearly 50% of the cells remain dead (IC50 concentration)is considered to be 62.5 µg/mL and 31.2 µg/mL for CeO2/Au/GO. Further, the cisplatin anticancer drug was chemically bonded with CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem for testing the apoptotic efficacy of cancer cells under in-vitro conditions. The IC50 value was 62.5 µg/mL which affirmed the anticancer property of the CeO2/Cis-Au/GO system with HeLa cells. According to the findings from the antiproliferative assay, CeO2/Au/GO nanoplatforms resulted in superior cytotoxicity effects on cervical cancer in comparison with CeO2/Cis-Au/GO and Au/GO nanoplatform. Lastly, the proposed CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem was subject to dual staining investigation using Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) dyes for recording the morphological changes incurred and also to visualize live and dead cells using fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on these findings, the developed CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem can be taken to in vivo studies for the validation to act as a theranostic platform for cervical cancer.
