Plants and Natural Products with Activity against Various Types of Coronaviruses: A Review with Focus on SARS-CoV-2
Susana A. Llivisaca-Contreras,
Jaime Naranjo-Morán,
Andrea Pino-Acosta,
Luc Pieters,
Wim Vanden Berghe,
Patricia Manzano,
Jeffrey Vargas-Pérez,
Fabian León-Tamariz,
Juan M. Cevallos-Cevallos
Affiliations
Susana A. Llivisaca-Contreras
Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Agua y Desarrollo Sustentable, CADS, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil EC090112, Ecuador
Jaime Naranjo-Morán
Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, CIBE, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil EC090112, Ecuador
Andrea Pino-Acosta
Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Arte, Diseño y Comunicación Audiovisual, FADCOM, Bosque Protector La Prosperina, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil EC090112, Ecuador
Luc Pieters
Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
Wim Vanden Berghe
Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
Patricia Manzano
Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, CIBE, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil EC090112, Ecuador
Jeffrey Vargas-Pérez
Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, CIBE, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil EC090112, Ecuador
Fabian León-Tamariz
Red Universitaria Para la Investigación y Posgrados Vlir Network, Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, Edificio Principal, Vicerrectorado Académico (2º Piso), Guayaquil EC090112, Ecuador
Juan M. Cevallos-Cevallos
Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, CIBE, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, Guayaquil EC090112, Ecuador
COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is potentially fatal for vulnerable individuals. Disease management represents a challenge for many countries, given the shortage of medicines and hospital resources. The objective of this work was to review the medicinal plants, foods and natural products showing scientific evidence for host protection against various types of coronaviruses, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2. Natural products that mitigate the symptoms caused by various coronaviruses are also presented. Particular attention was placed on natural products that stabilize the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS), which has been associated with the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into human cells.
