COMPETITIVE VARIETY TESTING OF SOFT SPRING WHEAT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE PENZA REGION

Abstract

The problem of creating highly productive varieties of spring wheat with good quality of grain, adapted to the conditions of the forest-steppe zone, is relevant for the Penza region. The paper considers the results of studying a new breeding material of soft spring wheat in competitive variety testing in the forest-steppe zone of the Penza region for the main economically valuable traits. The studies were conducted in 2017-2018 on the fields of the department of selection of grain crops of the Penza Agricultural Institute. On average, for two years of study, the yield varied from 1.85...3.96 t/ha. An excess over the standard yield had the following lines – Erythrospermum 70/04-3 (3.96 t/ha), Erythrospermum 43/08-9 (3.77 t/ha), Erythrospermum 78/03-28 (3.66 t/ha), Erythrospermum 20/08-7 (3.62 t/ha), Erythrospermum 76/03-6 (3.61 t/ha) and variety Tulaikovskaya 108 (3.62 t/ha). The outlined promising lines belong to mid-season varieties. According to plant height, they are classified as undersized forms (86...105 cm). During the period of research, the varieties and lines formed a mass of 1000 grains from 29.1 to 42.1 g, of the most promising lines, the largest grain formed Erythrospermum 78/03-28. All promising samples had indicators of high quality: vitreousness, grain unit, gluten and protein content in grain belonged to the second quality group. The Erythrospermum 78/03-28 line was distinguished by a set of indicators, which, along with a high yield (3.66 t/ha), was distinguished by high indicators of grain quality.

Keywords

• soft spring wheat
• lines
• yield
• growing season
• raw gluten
• lodging resistance