Effect of birth type and sex on growth performance, wither height, humerus‐radius bone dimensions, humerus–ulna growth plate width and selected hormone profile in growing Gurcu goat kids

Abstract

Abstract Objectives In this study, the effects of sex and birth type on growth performance, withers height (WH), radiographic measurements and selected hormone profiles in Gurcu goat kids were investigated. Methods Twenty kids (single female = 5, single male = 5, twin female = 5, twin male = 5) were included in the study. Body weight (BW), WH, radiographic measurements (humerus length [HL], radius length [RL], proximal humerus epiphyseal plate width [HEP] and distal ulna epiphyseal plate width [UEP]) and biochemical analysis (for serum calcitonin, free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4], growth hormone [GH] and insulin‐like growth factor‐I [IGF‐I]) were performed at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 months of age. Results BW was significantly higher in males starting from the seventh month compared to females (p < 0.05). HL was higher in males at seventh (p = 0.009) and ninth (p = 0.033) months, whereas RL was lower in twins at the third month (p = 0.021). UEP was wider in males at seventh (p = 0.008) and ninth (p = 0.036) months. Closure of HEP was observed in 65% of kids by the 12th month. Calcitonin was lower in twins at third (p = 0.045) and fifth (p = 0.006) months, with changes observed due to group and time effects (p < 0.05), whereas other hormones only changed with time (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between BW, WH, HL, RL and IGF‐I. There was a negative correlation between BW, WH, HL, RL, IGF‐I and HEP, UEP, calcitonin, FT3, FT4, GH. Conclusion Sex and birth type in Gurcu goat kids may have an impact on growth performance, radiographic measurements and certain hormonal profiles.

Keywords

• body weight
• epiphyseal plate
• Gurcu goat
• humerus
• IGF‐I
• thyroid hormones