Assessment of the rehabilitation of neurodevelopment at two years of age in children at risk

Abstract

Background: the follow-up of the high-risk newborn determines the early diagnosis of sequelae that, when treated early, can have a better prognosis in many cases.Objective: to characterize the neurological development in high-risk children up to two years of age, before and after applying the rehabilitation treatment, at the "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima" University Polyclinic of Las Tunas.Methods: a prospective longitudinal study was carried out in the health district belonging to the polyclinic previously declared. The study population consisted of the 27 infants at the age of two, qualified as children at risk, treated in 2017 and 2018. They were characterized before and after the rehabilitation treatment.Results: the male sex prevailed (19 children, 70,4 %). A third of the sample did not show neurodevelopmental disorders. Of the risk factors associated with neurodevelopment, in 14 children prenatal factors were documented (51,9 %), 12 with perinatal factors (44,4 %) and 3 showed postnatal factors (11,1 %). In the health district consultation, 21 children were assessed (77,8 %) and 6 in the provincial neurodevelopment consultation (22,2 %). In the first assessment, the cases with impaired motor development (77,8 %), followed by language (55,6 %) and sensory (27,7 %) disorders prevailed. After rehabilitation impaired motor development was significantly reduced (being in 44,4 %).Conclusions: with rehabilitation a total or partial recovery was obtained in the studied children.

Keywords

• neurodevelopment
• risk factors
• progress
• early assessment
• rehabilitation
• neuroplasticity